• 17th century-> Dutch Golden Age-> Dutch trade, science and art among the most acclaimed in the world
• Cheap energy sources-> trade, industry, arts and sciences flower
• Dutch were most economically wealthy and scientifically advanced-> Produces large wealthy merchant class
• Revolt against Spain-> war fought over religious economical and political freedom ends in independence of the Dutch which boosts national morale
• Clergy had no worldly influence. Roman catholic church suppressed
• Art-> Denmark leader in developing the subjects of still life, landscape and genre painting (scenes of everyday life). Church art non existent
This period of high affluence correlates with the meaning of the painting-> Painting is opposite to the condition of the Dutch who were wealthy and more focussed on worldly possessions and vanity; who sidelined religion and eternal consequences of their actions. Hence painting is reminding them of how they should behave and change their life of one involving temperance.
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